Vaccine/Toxoid

Who?

When?

Why? Because the disease can cause:

Measles, Mumps, Rubella, (MMR)

• Everyone born in or after 1957 (two doses of MMR Vaccine
• Travelers and health sciences students of any age without other evidence of immunity

• First dose after 12 months of age

     And

• Second dose at least 28 days after 1st dose

• Measles: ear infections, pneumonia, and encephalitis
• Mumps: deafness, encephalitis, meningitis, and in rare cases, sterility
• Rubella in pregnancy, blindness, deafness, retardation, and heart defects in the baby

Hepatitis B

• Adolescents and young adults, with particular importance for high-risk groups

• At birth, for babies of carrier mothers

      Or

• At any age, if not given as part of routine childhood immunizations

• Inflammation of the liver, tiredness, nausea, vomiting, liver cancer, liver failure

Hepatitis A

• Adolescents through the age of 18
• Those with chronic liver disease
• Those planning travel to countries with poor sanitation
• Men who have sex with men

• First dose after 1 year of age

      Or

• Start at any time, if not given as part of routine childhood immunizations; second dose 6-12 months later

• Average loss of work/school time is 27 days; in rare cases may be fatal

Tetanus/Diphtheria/Pertussis

• Everyone

• Primary series in childhood

      And

• Booster at 11-12 years; then booster every 10 years for life.

• Tetanus: severe muscle spasms, inability to open the jaw (lockjaw)
• Diphtheria: severe sore throat, difficulty breathing
• Pertussis: severe coughing spells and vomiting; complications such as rib fractures, pneumonia

Chickenpox (Varicella)

• Everyone without other evidence of immunity

• Two doses of varicella-containing vaccine at least 12 weeks apart if vaccinated between 1 and 12 years of age and at least 4 weeks apart if vaccinated at age 13 years or older

• Shingles, secondary bacterial infections of the skin, as well as encephalitis, pneumonia, and ear infections.

Influenza (Flu)

• Those with chronic diseases of the heart, lungs (including asthma), or kidneys
• Those with decreased immune function, such as diabetes or HIV
• Anyone wishing to prevent influenza

• Annually in autumn

Prevent complications such as pneumonia, loss of school time

Meningococcal Meningitis

• Pre-adolescents (11-12 years old) or adolescents at high school entry (15 years old)
• First-year college students, especially those living in residence halls
• Anyone wishing to lower the risk of bacterial meningitis

• 11-12 years or high school entry

      Or

• Prior to first year of college
• Data for booster vaccination pending

• Though infection is rare, it often causes severe disability or even death

Polio

• Everyone in childhood
• Susceptible travelers

• Primary series in childhood
• Booster only if needed for travel after 18 years of age

• Paralysis, weakness, inability to swallow or talk

Human Papilloma Virus

• Pre-adolescent and adult women
• (11-26 years old)

• Primary series at 11-12 years

      Or

• Start at any time for girls and women 13-26 years of age who have not received it, but preferably before their first sexual contact

• Genital warts, cervical cancer